50%的葡萄糖酸由游离酸和两种内酯之间的平衡组成。这种平衡受到混合物浓度和温度的影响。
50%的葡萄糖酸由游离酸和两种内酯之间的平衡组成。这种平衡受到混合物浓度和温度的影响。高浓度的δ内酯将有利于平衡向γ内酯的形成转变，反之亦然。低温有利于葡萄糖酸δ内酯的形成，而高温会增加葡萄糖酸γ内酯的形成。在正常条件下，50%葡萄糖酸表现出稳定的平衡，使其呈透明至淡黄色，腐蚀性和毒性较低。
食物
烘焙食品：作为发酵剂中的发酵酸，通过与小苏打反应产生气体来增加面团体积。
乳制品：作为螯合剂和预防乳结石。
一些食品和饮料：作为酸度调节剂，赋予温和的有机酸并调节pH值，也作为防腐剂和抗真菌剂。此外，它还可以用于清洁铝罐。
动物营养
葡萄糖酸在仔猪饲料、家禽饲料和水产养殖中起着弱酸的作用，可以舒缓消化，促进生长，还可以增加丁酸和SCFA（短链脂肪酸）的产量。
化妆品
它可以用作化妆品和个人护理产品中的螯合剂和增香剂。
工业的
螯合重金属的能力比EDTA强，例如在碱性条件下螯合钙、铁、铜和铝。这种特性可用于洗涤剂、电镀、纺织品等。
Gluconic Acid 50% is composed of an equilibrium between the free acid and the two lactones. This equilibrium is affected by the mixture’s concentration and temperature. A high concentration of the delta-lactone will favor the equilibrium to shift to the formation of gamma-lactone and vice versa. A low temperature favors formation of glucono-delta-lactone while high temperatures will increase formation of glucono-gamma-lactone. Under normal conditions, Gluconic Acid 50% exhibits a stable equilibrium contributing to its clear to light yellow color with low level corrosiveness and toxicity.
Food
Bakery goods: as a leavening acid in leavening agent to increase dough volume by producing gas by the reaction with baking soda.
Dairy products: as a chelating agent and prevent milkstone.
Some food and beverage: as an acidity regulator to impart a mild organic acid and adjust pH level and also as a preservative and an antifungal agent. Also, it can be used to clean aluminium cans.
Animal Nutrition
Gluconic acid functions as a weak acid in piglet feed, poultry feed and aquaculture to comfort digestive and promote growth, also to increase the production of butyric acid and SCFA (Short-chain fatty acid).
Cosmetics
It can be used as a chelating and perfuming agent in cosmetic and personal care products.
Industrial
The power of chelating heavy metals is stronger than that of EDTA, such as the chelation of calcium, iron, copper, and aluminium in alkaline conditions. This property can be utilized in detergents, electroplating, textiles and so on.
